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W. J AGKSON. MAGIIINB IoR APPLYING- FITTINGS AND TRIMMINGS 0N TUBULIIRA ARTICLES.

No. 425,510. f Patented Aplf. 15 1890.

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W.JACKSON.

MACHINE POR APPLYING FITTINGS AND TRIMMINGS 0N TUBULAR ARTICLES. N0. 425,510. Patented Apr. 15, 1890.

i l A\\ UNITED STATES PATENT OEEiCE.

VILLIAM JACKSON, OF ALLEGHENY, ASSIGNOR TO THE PITTSBURGH TUBULAR STEEL TVHIFFLETREE COMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR APPLYING FITTINGS AND TRIIVIIVIINGS N TUBULAR ARTICLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,510, dated April 15,' 1890.

Application filed August 8, 1889. Serial No. 320,183. (No model.)

T0 all whont it may concern,.-

Be it known that l, WILLIAM JACKSON, a resident of Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Applying Fittings and Trinimings on Tubular Articles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

1o My invention relates to machines for ap plying fittings or trimmings-such as the collars, hooks, dce-to whifletrees or like tubular articles-such as axles or aXle-skeins-its object being to provide a machine by which the labor heretofore'incident in applying the trimmings to these articles can be practically overcome and the work performed with rapidity.

In applying fittings to tubular metal whifzo fletrees such as have heretofore been formed it has been customary'to heat the trimmings so as to expand them, and then by means of sledges drive the tubular metal blank through or into the trimming or the fitting onto the blank. This operation was slow and required heavy manual labor, and beside this there was great liability of spoiling the blanks either by the blows of the sledge on the end of the `blank so swaging it 3o out of shape, or where the fittings were a rather tight fit and it was found impossible to drive them to place before the fittings cooled and contracted, so spoiling both blank and fitting. The Aplacing of these fittings on 3 5 these peculiar blanks has been one of the serious items of cost in the manufacture of these articles, materially increasing their cost upon the market.

By my invention I am enabled to apply these fittings to the Whifiietrees or other such tubular articles and with practically no manual labor and to insure their rapid and accurate adjustment on tlie1blanks.

To these ends my invention comprises, generally stated, a reciprocating press, stationary shoulder or face to hold the fitting against longitudinal movement, and a longitudinallymoving holder to fit within and support the fitting, so that the blank may be forced into o the fitting, the holder being pressed back by the blank and permitting it to enter the same.

It also comprises a support provided with two die plates or faces, each having a recess thereimso that these die-plates fit around the body of the blank and hold the fitting against longitudinal movement, while t-he press forces the blank into the same.

It also comprises certain other improvements, all of which will be more fully hereinafter set forth.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a top or plan view ofsaid apparatus, showing the same with the fittings and blank in position for applying the fittings thereto. Fig. 2 is a like view showing the trimmings applied to the blank. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal central section of the operative 7o parts of the machine. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line 3 3, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a crosssection on the line 5 5, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 6 6, Fig. 3, looking in the opposite direction. Fig. 7 is a longi- 7 5 tudinal view on-the line 7 7, Fig. 6. Fig. Sis a perspectiveyiew of the removable holder for the central fitting. Fig. 9 is a like view of the longitudinally-moving holder for the end fitting, and Fig. l0 is a back view of the 8o holder for the end fitting suitable for applying an oval-shaped fitting.

Like letters and figure of reference indicate like parts in each.

The machine is supported on a suitable bed having at one end thereof the engine-cylinder A and at the other end the abutment B and connecting the same the cylindrical side bars C C, these side bars forming a strong connection between the cylinder and the end abut- 9o ment and enabling the machine to sustain exceedingly heavy pressure. Vorking in the cylinder is the suitable piston, the piston-rod d of which I connect to the reciprocating press D, which slides upon the side bars C C, the movement of said reciprocating press D being controlled by the valve a through the valvelever a', the valve being of any suitable construction. The machine has also the stationary cross-head E, which is supported upon roo the side bars C C by suitable sleeves e, these sleeves being so arranged as to be clamped upon the side bars and hold the head E in any position to which it is adjusted, according to the length of the blank, and back ot that head suitable collars E being placed, which engage with the side bars C C by means of set-screws and so enable the head to sustain. the heavy strain brought upon it. Between the reciprocating' head D and stationary head E is the central cross-head or support F, which is clamped to the side bars O C by sleeves f and braced by collars F inthe same way as was described in connection with the head E. The head E and centralhead F may be adjusted upon the side bars to the proper position, according to thelength of the Whittletree or other like article to which the fittings are to be applied, and fixed tirmly in these positions by clamping upon the side bars and by means of their bracing-collars, so that during the operation of the machine these crossheads are held stationary.

For placing the end fittiu gs in the whiffletree, to which class of articles the description given will most particularly refer, I employ in the pressing-head D and the end cross-head E suitable holders for the end fittings, the construction of these holders being substantially the same in each case, so that the description of the one will suit for each. In the body of the cross-head is formed a recess g', Fig. 3, into which the sleeve g fits, said sleeve having a flange g2 fitting against the face of the cross-head and having therein an annular recess Q3, into which a screw-bolt g4, passing through the body of the cross-head, engages with the sleeve g. Vithin the crosshead beyond the recess g is a recess h', and fitting within the sleeve g and said recess 7L is the longitudinally-moving holder h for the fitting Z, this holder having the extension h2, around which the spring '1,' fits, the backward movement of the holder being sustained by the stop-bolt t", extending down into the recess h, and against which bolt the extension h2 strikes when the holder is pressed back to its farthest position. The holder 7L has also the fiange h3, which strikes against the shoulder g5 in the sleeve g and s0 limits the forward movement of the holder. The forward end of the holder is formed of shape and size corresponding to the interior of the fitting and to the end of the blank to be forced into the fitting, the holder being cylindrical where the end of the blank is cylindrical, as is shown in Fig. 9, and the forward end h4 being formed oval, as shown in Fig. l0, where the end of the blank is oval and an oval fitting is employed. At the end of the holder is the front face 7c, Fig. l0, which forms a shoulder against which the end of the blank presses, so that the blank will by pressing on the longitudinally-moving holder force it back, following it through the fitting supported on the holder and occupying the space therein previously occupied by the holder. Beyond this front face k is the guiding-point r, which directs the end of the blank against the front face 7c and into proper position to enter the fitting, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.

The central cross-head F, when employed for applying' the cylindrical fitting 2 to the whiffitree, has certain essentials, such as that it shall permit the travel of the whifiletreeblank through it while sustaining the central fitting 2 against longitudinal movement, and that it must be of sufficient strength to sustain very heavy strain in forcing the fitting or collar clear to the proper position, while after the collar has been brought'to that position the part sustaining the pressure of the collar must be opened so as to permit of the withdrawal of the blank after the placing of the fittings thereon, since the fitting applied to the end of the blank is larger than the central body of the blank and would prevent the withdrawal of the blank through the crossehead. In providing for this I form the body f at the cross-head with a depressionfz, Fig. 3, permitting the passage of the blank through the same, and a recess f3 to receive the fitting-holder l, into which the central fitting 2 is placed, and by which it is held in proper position to be placed upon the blank. Above the cross-head F is the upper dieholder M, which is vertically movable and is raised by the perpendicular bar m, Figs. 4 and 6, extending through the cross-head, which bar is engaged bythe lever m pivoted at m2 and operated by the treadle m3, said lever having the weight m therein to counterbalance the weight of the upper die-holder, which is made exceedingly heavy and strong to sustain the strain. The shape of this upper die-holder is fully shown in longitudinal section in Fig. b' and in cross-section in Fig. 7, it having a recess a to permit the passage of the body of the blank and having a series of tongues n fitting into grooves in the crosshead F, said cross-head having like tongues n2 fitting into grooves in theupper die-holder, and several of the interlocking tongues and grooves being employed so as to form an eX- ceedingly strong connection between the upper die-holder and cylinder cross-head at the point at which strain is brought upon the same.

Fitting in grooves p in the cross-head F is the lower die-plate p, the grooves p being IOO ITO

formed between the depression f2 and the recess f5 and so holding the lower die-plate p in proper position, this lower die-plate having formed therein the recess p2, corresponding to the shape of one-half of the body of the whiffietree at the point where the cylindrical fitting is placed thereon. Secured to the upper die-holder M is the upper die-plate r, which fits in a seat in said die-holder, and is held therein by a screw-boltr, the lower edges of the die-plate descending into the grooves p', and so being braced or supported both by the upper die-holder and the cross-head F. In the upper die-plate o' is formed the recess r2, corresponding to one-half of the body of the blank, as before stated, as to the recess p2, and these recesses p2 rr2 permitting the passage of the body of the blank through the die formed by the two die-plates, but the edges of the recesses fitting closely around the blank and sustaining the fitting 2 from longitudinal movement, so providing` for forcing the fitting to the proper place upon the blank as the blank is forced by the press D through the die. The fitting-holder l is a hollow block which corresponds in width to the width of the recess f 3 in the cross-head and rests in said recess, though the blocks Z may be made of different lengths, according to the length of the fitting to be supported thereby. It has the seat Z therein corresponding in length and width to the length and transverse diameter of fitting, and has at or near the center of the side walls the grooves Z2, Fig. 3, in which the loop or ring 3 of the fitting can enter and by which the fitting is held in proper position, so that the loop orpring on the central fitting and the loops or hooks 4 on the end fittings are in proper relative position to each other. At the forward end of the recess f2 of the crosshead F are the guide-plates s, these guideplates being bolted to the cross-head, as at s', and passing downwardly on each side of the space through which the blank should pass, as is fully shown in Fig. 4, and so holding the blank in proper line relative to the opening in the die-plates and the fitting-holders in the cross-head E and pressing-head D, these guide-plates s being adjustable, according to the different sizes of plates to be trimmed.

IVhen the apparatus is in use, the fittingholders L 7L extend ont beyond the sleeves g gin the press D and cross-head E, and the operator places upon these fitting-holders the end fittings Z l and drops into the central ttin gholder l the central fitting 2, these fittings being generally heated so as to expand the-same and provide for their shrinking upon the blank when placed thereon. He then takes the tubular whiffletree-blank which has been tapered from the central portion toward the ends, and which is preferably flattened so as to impart to the central part of its body an oval shape in cross-section, and he passes it through the central fitting, the one end of the blank passing through the die-plates in the central cross-head, and then after the other operator admits steam to the proper side of the cylinder to force the pressing-head D forward he guides the opposite end of the blank so as to cause it to engage with the guiding-point 7c of the fitting-holder 7L in the press D. A strong pressure is then imparted to the pressing-head D, and it forces the blank through the cylindrical fitting, so that the other end of the blank engages with the fitting-holder h in Ithe cross-head E. As the pressure is continued, the two end fitting-holders 71. h are forced by the ends of the blank into their respective heads, the ends of the blank passing Within the fittings supported by said fitting-holders,

so applying the end fittings to the blank. At the same time the cylindrical fitting presses against the die-plates p r, its holder l moving with it, and the blank is forced through said die-plates, the cylindrical fitting is forced along said blank until brought to the proper position thereon, the one operation thus ap-V v plying both the central fitting andthe end fittings to the blank. As soon as this is accomplished the operator through the treadle m3 raises the upper die-holder M, and with it the upper die-plate r, and as soon as the pressing-head D is drawn back the blank can be removed from the apparatus and the operation repeated. The fittings can thus be quickly applied to the blank, and as they cool. they will shrink firmly upon the same, so forming an extremely strong connection between the fittings and the blank. Indeed, in some cases it is not found necessary to heat Athe fittings, as the power generated is sufficient to force the blanks in position even when cold. All the fittings can thus be applied to the blank at one operation and without the necessity of staving up one end of the blank in driving it into the other fitting, which frequently occurred and required the retapering of the end of the blank to bring it of the proper shape, and all heavy manual labor is overcome.

The sleeves g,with the fitting-holders 72, moving therein, die-plates p r, and the central fitting-holder l can be easily and quickly changed, so that the machine is capable of applying different sizes of fittings, according to the size of blank to be trimmed. The crossheads E and F can also be moved upon the said bars C C, according to the different lengths of blanks to be trimmed, In case the ends of the blank are oval the fittings may be applied thereto in the way above described by the employment of holders therefor, such as shown in Fig. 10, the ends 71,4 of the holders being formed corresponding to the interior shape of the fittings, and in order to hold them in proper line, the holders havingakeyway t formed therein engaging with a key in the sleeve g, the sleeves g may be held in proper position in their respective heads by means of the bolts g2.

I am thus enabled by my invention to do away with the extremely heavy manual labor heretofore found in applying these fittings to the blanks, reducing the number of workmen required for the purpose, and at the same time the apparatus is capable of trimming many times the number of blanksin the same period.

The apparatus may also be Vemployed, for the trimming of other articles-such as axles or aXle-skeins-having many advantages for that purpose.

That I claim as vmy invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-` 1. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of a pressing-head, a stationary shoulder or face to hold the trimming from longitudinal-move- ICO IIO

ment, and a longitudinaliy-moving holder fitting Within and supporting the fitting,\vhereby Y the blank may be forced into the fitting, the holder being pressed back by the blank, sublstantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. Iumachines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of a pressing-head, a stationary supporting-head, and longitud inally-movable holders in said heads fitting within and supporting the fittings, whereby bot-h ends of the blank may be forced into the fittings supported on the holders at the same time, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In machin es for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of a pressing-head and a stationary support hav- -ing a partible die therein provided with a recess corresponding tothe body of the blank, whereby the blanks may be forced through the die while the fitting is held thereby, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 4. In machines for applying fittings to tub ular and-other blanks, the combination of the pressing-head having a longitudinally-movable holder therein, and a stationary head having a die therein provided with a recess corresponding to the body of the blank, whereby the blank may be forced through the die, the central fitting brought to place thereon,

Y and the end of the blank forced into the fitting, substantially set forth.

5. In machines for applyingttingsfo tubular and other blanks, the combination of t-he stationary h ead having a fittings-holder therein, cross-head having two die-plates therein as and for the purposes provided with recesses corresponding to the body of the blank, said die-plates being partible, and a pressing-head, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In machines for applying trimmings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of a cross-head having a die therein provided with a recess corresponding to the' body of the blank, a support or holder for the fitting supported in front of said die, and a pressing-head wherebythe blank may be forced through the fitting supported on said holder and through the die in said cross-head, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, a longitudinally-movin g fitting-holder corresponding in shape to the interior of the fitting, and having a face thereon against which the ,blank may press so as to force the holder out of the fitting when it enters therein, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

S. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, a longitudinally-movable fitting-holder corresponding in shape to the interior of the fitting and having a guidepoint at the end thereof, and a face around said guide-point against which the blank may press in forcing the holder out of the fitting, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of the cross-head, the sleeve g, fitting therein, the fitting-holder 7L, moving longitudinally within said sleeve and having the flange 71.3, and the spring i, confined within said cross-head, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l0. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of the cross-head, the sleeve g, fitting therein, and the fitting-holder 7L, havinga keyway t en gaging with the key in said sleeve, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l l. In machines for applying' fittings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of a cross-head F, carrying the lower die-plate 1J, and the movable upper die-holder M, carrying the upper die 7', said dies 19 and 7' having recesses therein for the passage of the,body of the blank, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

l2. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and other blanks, the cross-head F, in combination with the upper die-holder M, said cross-head and holder having the interlocking tongues n n2, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

I3. In machines for applyingfittin gs to tubular and other blanks, the cross-head F, having grooves p ,in combination with the lower dieblank p, and the upper die-holder M, having the upper die-plate'r,the lower ends of which iit in said grooves, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. In machines for applying ttings to tubular and other blanks, the combination of the cross-head F, the upper die-holderM, the sliding bar m, engaging therewith and passing through the cross-head, and the lever m for operating said upper die-holder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

15. In machines for applying fittings to tubular and otherblanks, the central fitting-holder l, having the seats Z to receive the body of the fitting', and the grooves Z2 in its side walls, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

16. In machines for applying fittings to blanks, the combination of the machine-frame having the side bars C, the pressing-head D, moving thereon, the cross-heads E F, longitudinally adjustable upon said side bars, and sleeves or collars for clamping the same firmly to said side bars, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof` I, the said VILLIAM JACKSON, have hereunto set my hand.

IIO 

